Technology
Epoch AI estimates that frontier models could fully use up the available stock of useful public human-written text sometime between 2026 and 2032. After that, developers may increasingly turn to private datasets and enormous quantities of AI-generated synthetic data — raising a strange possibility: a growing share of what future AI learns may ultimately have been written not by humans, but by earlier AI systems.
Epoch AI's 2026–2032 forecast is about effective public human text, not the end of new writing. The response may reshape data licensing, provenance and synthetic-data engineering.